The in-depth study of Art Translation needs more attention, it is not because prior to pave the way for global interaction and an excellent opportunity to participate in socio-cultural study of languages and literature, but also gives the opportunity to have some importance in the area of studies and literary criticism. Translation Studies can be very secure in it, as the area is an important genre since the Literary Criticism translation of art calls for peep diverse linguistic, cultural and literary content of the source language, and thus highlighting / evaluate the essence and niceties of literature for that translated language. In the context of Indian studies, bearing in mind the play pluristic multilingual and cultural character of our country, turning an important role. It is through translation that we can watch the rich heritage of India, is an integrated unit, and is proud of its cultural heritage. The importance of translation multifaceted and multidimensional activities and international importance, such as social-cultural bridge between countries has increased over the years. In today's circumstances, when things are progressing rapidly throughout the world, not only for the countries and societies must contact each other closely, but individuals also need to get in touch with members of other communities / societies in which the various parts of the country / world. In order to meet these needs translation has become an important activity that meets the individual, social and national demands.
It goes without saying that the significance and importance of translation in everyday life multidimensional and expansive. That we know of the developments and communication technology and keep up with the latest discoveries in various fields of knowledge through translation and access the translation of literature by several languages and the different events that happen in the world. India was closely related to ancient civilizations such as Greek, Egyptian and Chinese. This interactive relationship would have been impossible without the knowledge of different languages spoken by different communities and nations. Thus, people have realized the translation of long ago. Needless mentiuon here that the significance and importance of translation grew strongly in today's rapidly changing world. Today, the growing momentum of the knowledge of the human mind is a great need for translation of education, science and technology, mass communication, commerce and business, literature, religion, tourism, etc.
Defining Translation
in a broader sense, translation turns a text source language (SL) is a correct and understandable version of the target language (TL) without losing the original proposal. Many people think that because of the bilingual is all that is required to be a translator. This is not true. Since bilingual is an important prerequisite, no doubt, but the translation capabilities are built on and developed on the basis of their own experience prolonged communicative and writing in both languages. In fact based on the theory of translation is a process of extracting the meaning of the text in its current form and reproduce the different forms of the second language.
Traditionally suggests that translators must meet three criteria, namely: 1) knowledge of the language, 2) knowledge of the target language, and 3) knowledge of the subject matter, to complete the task successfully. Based on this principle, the translator discovers the meaning behind the forms of the source language (SL) and make every effort to reproduce the same meaning in the target language (TL) TL forms and structures as the best of its ability. Of course, and we are supposed to change the shape and the code and what should remain unchanged is the meaning and the message (Larson, 1984) .Therefore, one can detect the most common definition of translation, that is, selecting the nearest equivalent in the target language linguistic unit in the SL.
computers have been used to translate into another language, but people are still involved in the process either in writing in advance or post-processing. There is no way that a computer ever be able to translate languages, it was a human being because of the language used metaphors / images to convey meaning. Translation is more than just a couple of words in the dictionary. A quality translation requires a thorough knowledge of both the source and target language.
Translation theory, practice and procedure
Successful translation shows how closely live up to expectations, such as: to reproduce the exact meaning possible to the source text, the natural form of the receptor / target for the kind of text in a way translation and expression in all aspects of the report closely and easily understandable to the target audience / reader.Technically, translation is a process that the abstract meaning of the text in the current form and multiply to the report in various forms in other languages. Translation is now recognized independent study. The compiler can also be said that the central element of the translation process. The writer / creator will be the center of any type will be final and no two translators to translate a text in the same way. It is believed that the complexity of the TL genegally writers know where they wish to be paid. In fact, this is not the writer of the SL text who asks someone to translate the works of TL; It is primarily of interest to each translator, which asks him to translate a job in their native language. A successful translation is not a mechanical translation of the text, but also creative. You can say that he is a co-creator of the TL text. . In fact, the knowledge of two or more of a translator language is essential. This includes not only a working knowledge of two different languages, but also the knowledge of two linguistic systems, as also that of literature and culture.Such translators have different qualities that we have seen briefly talk about later.
Linguiustically, translation is studying the lexicon, grammatical structure, communication situation and cultural context of the source language and text analysis in order to determine its meaning, and then reconstructing the same meaning in the lexicon and grammatical structure which are suitable for the target language and cultural context. The translation process begins with understanding after the discovery of the source text closely and meaning of the text, translators expresses the meaning he again pulled out of the receptor / target in such a way as to minimize the loss of transformation is the translated language.This whole process could be represented by: –
Overview of translation tasks
in practice, there is always a significant change in the types of translations produced by various translators of a given text. This is because the translation is basically not Science.So Art and a number of factors proficiency language, cultural background, writing etc.determine sense of the quality of the translation, and it is because of that no two translations appear similar, if not aversion.
Accommodation Translation
Translation from one language turns to notice a fair and understandable version of that communication in another language. Sometimes a translator is that certain liberties in the original text in order to re-create the atmosphere and style of the original.This, in other words, the so-called "accommodation". It has three dimensions: cultural accommodation; compiling placement; ideological accommodation; and aesthetic accommodation.Accommodation considered as synonymous adaptation which means changes, so the target text produced in line with the spirit of the original. The translation is not merely linguistic conversion or transformation between languages, but also including accommodation by the culture, politics, aesthetics, and many other factors. Accommodation is translation, free and non-literal translation kind. In fact, this is inevitable in practice, if the translation is to maintain the essence of the message source, impact, and impact. There is a popular saying: Translation as a woman, if true, is not beautiful; If it's nice, it's not true. That is, if you want to be faithful to the text, he is bound to translate, you lose the beauty of the translated text, and if you try to maintain the beauty of the translated text, which is sure to misappropriation of the original text .. was truly an age of iron rule translation process, but over the years, when we take a closer look at accommodation or adaptation, found in most published translations, and has become a necessity, since mind the averse cultural / linguistic / regional / historical / political diversifications and backgrounds different languages and literatures, lodging, if not jeopardize, are a must. Accommodation can be carried out, very wisely, even more so when the translation of such texts or poetry, which is highly artistic and immotive nature.For the translation of poetry, for example, has never been so easy. Robert Frost once said. "Poetry is what is lost in translation" This is sufficient proof of the difficulty of translation of poetry. Because poetry is essential to the aesthetic value, it becomes an aesthetic art of putting in place a basic requirement. A good poetry translator is a good measure of accommodation and adequate knowledge of the aesthetic traditions of different cultures and languages, the target reader better appreciate and achieve the desired effect.
Qualities of a good translator
A good translator must have the SL (source language) adequate knowledge from which to pay the TL, which is usually the mother Toungue / target language. In order to make an accurate translation of the SL text should have a command of grammar, syntax, semantic and pragmatic features of the SL. It is also necessary that he is well aware of the socio-cultural context of both SL and TL. A good translator must be the author's mouthpiece so that he knows and understands completely independent of the original author, he said in the text. One of the generally accepted characteristics of a good translation is to be compared to the original text or as close as possible to the SL text. It should appear as in the original, the TL translation of normal social and cultural background with some minor accommodations, if needed, of course.
Generally, it is assumed that the work of the translator is a mechanical one it makes it simple to SL TL text in a text. But this is not so. The compiler to perform a very difficult task. This manner is more difficult and complex than the original author. The creative writer composes pen down his thoughts or without external pressure. The translator should confine itself to not only the SL text, but a number of other factors can intervene in the process of translating the TL.
A good translator must have appropriate knowledge of the subject or area to which the object of the SL text that the compiler is able to capture the spirit of the SL text. If you do not have in-depth knowledge, but may not be able to produce an accurate translation is suitable for the intended purpose. For example, if you want to translate the Bible or the Gita or any other religious text, you must have sufficient knowledge of the religious and theological works.
A good translator must be careful in the choice that he makes the TL. I have to translate the style that matches your target audience. must be the style that seems to be a natural and spontaneous to the TK readers. The translation of the TL does not sound strange.
The compiler needs some tools to help him out in moments of difficulty. These tools can be as good monolingual and bilingual dictionaries, encyclopedias, e-dictionaries, glossaries and technical standards work, etc. related to the SL text.
A good translator must be patient and do not hurry to rush through during the translation of the text. I do not hesitate to discuss problems with others that she can meet. Morever do not shy away from the micro-leading research in order to arrive at the proper and appropriate equivalent.
In short, a good translator should be knowledgeable and competent bilingual, familiar with the topic / area selected in the SL text translation. He never try to insert their own ideas and personal impressions in the TL text. Its aim is to convey the content and intent of the SL text as accurately as possible into the TL text. The job of a translator is very rewarding and intellectually stimulating
Finally (based on my understanding of close study and translation activity) a few words about the upcoming translation-lovers.To and translators to translate from one language to another has never been easy endeavour.It an exercise in both tedious and cumbersome, and only those, who participated in translation work themselves capable of recognizing the complex nature of this article. I have been associated with translation work for more than three decades of translation from English, more specifically, from Kashmiri / Urdu into Hindi and back.
1-A good translator should be a good writer.
2 do not have to translate everything that has been written, it should be given to the best only.
4-a great translator adjusts / accommodates and not compromises to the original text.
5-translators as representing the best literary world and exchange ambassadors.
five-Art translation is as old as Makino, does not translate your thoughts before you speak out? Some other suggestions:
1-Try to make the mind of the writer.
two-Check can compile two or three times before finalizing the script. Put the original gateway to "set aside" and listen to / read the translation of the ear "tuned" as if the corridor was originally written in the TL.
3 If the substance is highly technical vocabulary that is characteristic of discipline, it is important that the translator least some background or experience in that discipline. A good translator of poetry and drama can be a poor choice of chemical engineering or biotechnology text.
four-native speakers of the target language if practical, especially one who knows the subject, the person may be useful as a teacher for the last scenario review. Take not without help.
Even some guidance to the translators
Do not try to hard to find the same words, in the hope that this will increase the perfection of the translation.
own language and punctuation rules are different in many ways all take care to properly torque.
Check turning two or three times at the end.